The apple trees we propagate need very little maintenance, whereas varieties such as McIntosh, Cortland, Empire and Honeycrisp are delicate, susceptible to disease and nutrient deficiencies, and tend to be maintained with the use of pesticides and fungicides numerous times every summer. There have been few late frosts in the main apple growing regions, rain and temperatures have been good, so the year is shaping up well for a good apple crop. Common Apple Varieties. Just walk out and pluck off a barrel full of chemical-free apples, year-after-year. Many trees need a different cultivar in close proximity to pollinate fruit through a process called “cross pollination”. These are one of those varieties that ripen all at once, then almost immediately drop and start to rot. The following are examples of varieties that can be grown in zones 3 to 8, which covers most of the continental U.S., except for the southernmost states (apples are plants of the North by nature since they have chilling requirements): After you know what varieties of apple trees you can grow, the question becomes which of those you’d prefer to grow. Can be stored for up to six months if refrigerated. But better than that, it may be planted in a wide range of climates and grows vigorously. The bark of the root of this tree is used for fevers. Talk about an ‘Early Harvest!’ These apples are firm and crisp, and produce fruit very early. Learn tips for creating your most beautiful (and bountiful) garden ever. Examples are Jonagold, Mutsu, Stayman, and Winesap. 4- to 5-Foot ‘Macoun’ Trees in #3 Containers, available from Nature Hills. If you can grow a McIntosh, grow it! For a homeowner living in planting zone 3, for instance, it’s probably safest to restrict your selection to standards. Farming is a tough business but it can be really enjoyable. Are wild apple trees edible? When you make the trip to your local nursery to buy the plants, look for bare-root stock, one-year-old. there's lots of facts about apples, and only a handful of the most common varieties and how they taste in pies are mentioned here. Your tree needs to be planted with others that flower at identical or overlapping times. Each one is different, and you’re gonna have to check out each tree to find what they are. Then four. Begin digging a hole about twice the diameter of the root system, and about a foot deeper. Lastly, crabapple trees can pollinate regular apples, but only if they are in bloom during the same period. This fact gives you more leeway in terms of plant choices. Apple trees (Malus spp.) Even if you have disease-resistant varieties, you still have to worry about insect pests. Apple Tree: Apple is widely grown and cultivated all over the world as a fruit. Requires regular watering, and fruit is best harvested at the end of September. Especially good pie apple. They tend to produce their fruit earlier than many other cultivars, even in Flowering Group 2, so that’s a plus for when you want to start chowing down on homegrown fruit earlier than the fall. Apple is highly rich in vitamins and minerals. Make sure you’re planting trees that’ll grow in your zone, and also share a neighboring flowering group. Apples trees aren’t just for people with acres upon acres of land. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Great for desserts. ‘Early Harvest‘ also does well when pollinated with white-flowering crabapples. It’s a classic in the grocery store and a great mid-season variety to enjoy straight from the tree. If you’re thinking in terms of pie, that may mean selecting varieties different from what you’d choose for fresh snacking: Not all of us will want to let our taste buds alone make the decision for us. Well, don't forget "the birds and the bees." Pollinates with Flowering Groups: 1, 2, 3. Great for use in wintertime pancakes. And then six. They are also beautiful as an ornamental and… you know what? And don’t forget apples that are “triploid,” a biological term that translates to, “needs two separate pollinators to produce fruit.” These trees are best left to those with enough room to grow at least a few trees on their property. 4- to 5-Foot ‘McIntosh’ Trees in #3 Containers, available from Nature Hills Nursery. Below is a photo of a ‘Wealthy’ apple from Wikimedia Commons. Perhaps you already have a privacy fence, but it looks too bare, and you’d like to dress it up. Known by the scientific name Malus domestica, thousands of varieties of the trees bearing the fruit have been cultivated. Apples don't look down their noses at crabapples, as if the latter somehow weren't "real" apples. Fortunately, the tree is also a hardy and vigorous grower. Each of these 19 varieties includes some recommendations or special notes. The sweet and tart flavor of the fruit is reminiscent of wine, which makes it perfect for apple cider donuts or served alongside a glass of red. For more on how to grow and care for apple trees, read our handy guide on the subject. Ripens late September. Grafting a Multi-variety Apple Tree. Nor are the landscaping uses for apple trees limited to their blooming periods. Susceptible to powdery mildew, apple scab and fire blight. Younger trees are easier to get established. Voles are the next greatest enemy for apple trees after disease and insects. Long bloom period and very juicy fruit. Learn about Types of Apple Trees. Have you noticed that it bears a lot of fruit one year and none or hardly any the next? The fruit can be stored for months at a time, and is ideal for snacking and cooking. The tree … The Empire is not my favorite variety – but it may be yours! Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Cold hardy, provides a bountiful and early harvest each year. When you think you have the depth of the hole about right, spread out the roots in the hole and check the level of the bud union (the bud union is where the scion meets the rootstock as a result of grafting). This type of apple tree needs to be planted in well-drained soil in full sun. Pollinates with Flowering Groups: 4, 5, 6. Great for cooking and is hardy to cold weather. If you like your apples tart (and I sure do), this might be the one you’ve been waiting to pucker up with. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: When picked young the fruit is excellent for baking. Look up "apple" and get a much fuller description of the plant, the history of the fruit, how it arrived in various continents from Asia. All of this information boils down to the following key points: 3- to 4-Foot ‘Early’ Trees, available from the Arbor Day Foundation Store. The tree grows quickly and the fruit stores for up to six months. Use these numbers as estimates for your own garden. The flesh of the fruit is almost hard, so it’s great for baking but less ideal for raw eating. Let's look at examples of varieties based on blooming season: Even if you do decide to use the staggered approach, you still must plant two or more varieties that bloom at the same time in each apple planting. Apple identification. You can grow them in small spaces and easily prune, spray and harvest them. For this part of the apple tree selection process, you get to rely at least in part on your good old taste buds. The attractive fruit is delicious when eaten raw, and those lovely white flowers are easy to appreciate. ), the Gala is easy to grow and offers a sweet taste. the attitude of my garden is 2500 meters from sea level. The fruit will store for 4 to 5 months. It looks to me like this might be a ‘Wealthy’ apple. Thanks to the dedication of Victorian gardeners, Britain once cultivated more varieties of apple than anywhere else in the world: more than 2,000 types of apples with all sorts of tastes, textures, shapes and sizes. Hi Susanne, thanks for the question and photo. Most will have a spread, or width, that is similar to their height. Empire apple trees bear pinkish white blooms in April, and the red, medium-size apples ripen in September. Even in a small space, you can plant a hedge of dwarf apple trees or an apple espalier and yield a successful crop. Kanzi® apples are great for baking, snacking and slicing with their crunchy and juicy flesh that naturally stays white for longer. Apple Tree Types. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: To avoid growing a hundred tiny apples, you’ll want to regularly thin your ‘Empire’ crop to maximize the size of your fruit. At the branch level, remove enough fruit so that the remaining apples are spaced about four to six feet apart. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Requires regular watering. Another option is to use this fancy calculator and enter your zip code. Note that in addition to apple tree variety, the other factors discussed throughout this article have an impact on how long it will take for the branches of your new apples to start straining under the burden of a bumper crop. You want the rootstock to remain the dominant partner since it controls tree size. Any recommendations? Here is more about what we do. Leave your comments, questions, suggestions, and requests in the comments – they’re always appreciated! It’s hard to find a better looking fruit out there, and the modest height of this cultivar makes it an ideal solution for smaller properties. I grew up on a dying orchard dominated by McIntosh trees, so these are my favorites. Add soil amendments at the same time. Bare-root plants should be planted from late autumn until early spring; containerised plants can be planted … Responds very well to regular, careful pruning. Crunchy, sweet, and a delight to look at, the Honeycrisp has excellent storage life. The tree grows easily and is less picky than others. By checking your existing soil and making some basic changes, if necessary, you can offer your tree optimal growing conditions for fruit production. Producing a good-sized crop, the Stayman Winesap grows in an appealing oval shape and sports pink flowers when in bloom. There are also varieties that do well in the most severe frost pockets. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Triploid! Among the most popular types of Apple trees are: Red Delicious: Extremely popular in the United States, the apple is crisp and has a thick skin. He presently resides in Philadelphia and works under the sun as a landscaper and gardener, and by moonlight as a writer. If you’re an avid gardener, you might be up to the task of growing one of these trees. Below are a few of the most common apple diseases: Apple Scab Apple scab is one of […] To help retain some of that moisture (and also keep the weeds and grass from growing back), mulch around the plant to a depth of two to three inches. While it may take some time to become established, the Northern Spy is an excellent apple with admirable hardiness against the cold. ‘Wealthy’ leans toward being a biennial bearer. That is, if air circulates freely through all of the branches, there's less chance of a problem with powdery mildew disease. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Store fruit in cool conditions to enjoy in the springtime. Multi-g… Susceptible to root rot in poorly drained areas. Your trees need to planted within 50 feet of one another to cross-pollinate. Who says that only ornamentals can be used in landscape design? Oh, lordy, I love a ‘Lodi‘ apple. Some apples are self-fertile and can be planted alone. By using The Spruce, you accept our, 9 Best Fruit Plants to Grow in Your Garden, Dwarf Fruit Trees You Can Grow in Any Yard, Identifying and Controlling Apple Maggots, 11 Great Fragrant Trees for Your Landscape, How to Identify, Treat, and Prevent Apple Scab, How to Grow and Care for Sweet Cherry Trees. It is resistant to most apple illnesses, and best of all, the fruit drops on maturity. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Start, ‘Wealthy’ Trees, available from Nature Hills. Disease-resistant varieties of apple trees may carry the day over varieties that require spraying. It might be one of the original wild apple trees or it may instead be a descendent of a cultivated variety. This is an average expected height for your trees to reach. Keep on reading, and by the end you’ll be well-prepared to choose and plant that apple tree, and then harvest its fruit. Their crisp texture holds up well in pies, tarts, cakes and muffins. : Imagine having a single apple tree with a dozen or more apple varieties! Its taste is spectacular, reason enough for me to add one to my own yard. 4- to 5-Foot ‘Granny Smith’ Trees in #3 Containers, available from Nature Hills Nursery. COPYRIGHT © 2021 ASK THE EXPERTS LLC. Take a closer look at the Honeycrisp in this feature on our sister site, Foodal. Is there more info you could share about the conditions where the tree would be growing? Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Self-fertile… but this is not recommended. If you’ve planted an apple tree and wondered why it never produced more than a few beautiful blossoms, you’re in good company. Annual cropping. Introduced in 1970. Height: 20-25’ (dwarf varieties available). Pollinates With Flowering Groups: 2, 3, 4. Pollinates with Flowering Group(s): 4, 5, 6. Stores well for extended periods. With a name like Pink Lady, you can be sure that this apple is a looker. Firm texture with a complex tart flavor. The fruit is best harvested in October, but because this tree thrives in warmer climates than most cultivars, it makes picking a pleasant experience. It is entirely possible to find an apple tree growing in the middle of a forest or in another location some distance from a town or farmhouse. They mainly grow from the seeds but can also be grown using grafting process by planting the small grafted portions. Early spring is a good time for planting apple trees in the North. For example, if you plant a Granny Smith apple seed, you might not end up with a Granny Smith apple tree. Pruning also restricts their vertical growth, making it easy for you to get at them to care for them. ‘Red Delicious’ Tree, available from the Arbor Day Foundation Store. A Japanese cultivar bred from American stock, the Fuji is always a favorite for fresh eating. Envy was born by crossing the Braeburn with the Royal Gala apple varieties. After that, spray every 10 to 14 days throughout the summer. You don't want the bud union at too low a level, for two reasons. Three years go by, and nothing. If there was a contest for “Coolest Apple Name” it would surely be awarded to the Arkansas Black. ‘Honeycrisp’ Trees, available from Nature Hills. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Does not tolerate drought. Tangy, sweet and super juicy apples from New Zealand. David Beaulieu is a garden writer with nearly 20 years experience writing about landscaping and over 10 years experience working in nurseries. ‘Empire’ Trees, available from Nature Hills. An old-timey tree, the Red Jonathan possesses a uniquely sharp taste. The ‘Gala’ strongly benefits from cross-pollination. A dwarf type usually needs 10-feet between trees and a semi-dwarf tree needs 15-feet. This process is called "spreading." The fruit lasts for weeks in the refrigerator, but like most apples, they taste best when fresh. I don’t have a lot of space. Why? Read on for the best apple varieties for your growing zone, information on how they get along, and more. ‘Red Jonathan’ Trees, available from the Arbor Day Foundation Store. Four Distinct Apple Varieties on One Tree Why 4-in-1 Apple Trees? Four- to 5-foot or 5- to 6-foot trees are available from Brighter Blooms via Amazon. The apples in the photo above came from a very old tree just down the way from us, that never gets a lick of care, but still bears apples by the bushel every year. Advantages: World known variety, accepted as a commodity type apple. Juicy, tart, and with just the right amount of crunch, the McIntosh is perfect for snacking straight from the tree. These types of trees grow as a deciduous tree. I’ve admittedly never had one of these unless it was from an orchard, but they’re pretty darn good to snack into. Most apples aren't keen on incest, requiring trees of a different apple variety for pollination (even with the exceptions, pollination is still superior when it comes from another variety). In this instructable, I'll show you how to do two types of grafts; the cleft graft, and the whip and tongue graft. In preparation, remove weeds and grass to form a bare circle for each transplant, about 4 feet in diameter. An orchard, all on one tree! Why create such a tree? Apple trees tend to thrive in areas with nice, cold winters. A row of apple trees can act as an attractive privacy screen all summer and fall, while fully leafed out. The fruit will store for 2 to 3 months. Excellent choice for making applesauce and provides a crop size to get you all you’ll need. Apples are subject to a variety of diseases that can cause minor cosmetic damage or more significant damage, such as reduced yields and even tree death. Wow! 22. This is also the time to install a vole guard around the trunk of your apple trees, letting it stick up about 10 inches above ground level. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Triploid! Spring planting is recommended in central and northern areas. Secondly, if you are growing a dwarf or semi-dwarf variety, you don't want the scion to root and become dominant. Four diseases commonly attack apple trees: fire blight, apple scab, cedar apple rust, and powdery mildew. Growing apple trees using the staggered approach also aids your landscape design efforts: Just as the blossoms of one group fade, another will take up the torch, adding color to your yard. Sorry. Best harvested near the end of August or early September, depending on where you live. As you’re reading, you’ll get a primer on what to expect when growing apple trees; at times, it may seem a bit overwhelming. Standard trees will need 20-feet. Most, however, will give best results when planted with other apple trees nearby that blossom about the same time. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Triploid! The tree is not especially fast growing, but because it grows later in the season, it is less susceptible to hard freezes. For pie-making, grow Northern Spy, Liberty, and Golden Delicious. You can grow apples from seed, but keep in mind that the type of apple tree you end up with might not be the same as the seed you planted. Although apple trees can grow in many soil types, the quality of the soil can affect the health of the tree and the density of your apple harvest. Honeycrisp apple trees are picky plants that require specific growing and maintenance conditions, so you’ll have to work to get the large and crisp apples that the tree produces. Disadvantages: World production of Gala is increasing. It also matters how you’ll be eating them. And now we’re wondering what we did wrong. You will see apple trees for sale in two forms: bare-root stock (as the name suggested, the roots are exposed when you purchase these plants) or in containers. Water well again after the transplant is complete. An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus domestica).Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus Malus.The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today.Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe and were brought to North America by European colonists. This tree blooms earlier than many other apple cultivars, so consider adding some white-flowering crabapples to your landscape to aid in pollination. Pollinates with Flowering Groups: 3, 4, 5. Recommended Uses and Special Notes: Triploid! Quite the looker, the Wealthy possesses stunning blooms and has a flavor reminiscent of strawberries. Offers a balanced flavor but needs a balanced growing area as well, with soils that are well-drained, slightly acidic, and of average fertility. But unlike ornamentals, they will give you a delicious harvest of fruit. Once it's established, you won't need to do any type of maintenance. In pruning your plants to try to give them an ideal shape and structure, you're essentially focusing on the leader and on establishing good scaffold branches (the primary limbs growing out of the sides of the trunk). The tree is easy to manage but susceptible to fire blight. There are more than 7,500 types of Apple trees worldwide. With a fun-to-say name, the Macoun is another cultivar that rivals the tastiness of the McIntosh, with fruit that is very sweet. To combat scales, mites, and aphids, spray horticultural oil on apple trees just after full bloom is over. Jazz Apple. The following are varieties of apple trees that offer at least some resistance to these diseases, reducing the need to spray: Part of the pleasure of growing apple trees on your property comes from biting into the freshly-plucked fruit. Can handle a wider array of soils than other types. You won’t regret planting this hardy tree with its tasty fruit! It’s safe to say I’ll never be able to appreciate this apple, but it does have its advocates! To simplify the selection of trees, apple varieties are given a pollination group: a letter indicating how early or late they flower. Fortunately, home growers can avoid most diseases by planting disease resistant varieties. ‘Stayman Winesap’ Trees, available from the Arbor Day Foundation Store. No, apples are sometimes quite willing to be pollinated by their ornamental cousins. Apply water as you fill the hole back in with soil, to remove air pockets. The calculator can take a few minutes to get you the information you need, so a bit of patience is required. The fruit freezes better than it survives being refrigerated. By taking this approach with your crop, it's less likely you'll be forced into storing away most of your produce. The goal will be to have the bud union raised about two inches above ground level. Apples trace their origin between the Caspian and Black Seas around the 6500 BC. ‘Gravenstein’ 4- to 5-Foot Trees in #3 Containers, available from Nature Hills Nursery. So getting a bumper crop from your orchard in fall, eating a few of the fresh fruits, and storing the rest away somewhat defeats the purpose of growing the delicious fruit. First of all, that would invite crown rot. BC can produce high quality fruit. How to identify apple tree varieties? Once you establish how many trees can fit into your space, then you need to consider what apple varieties you want. This type does not do well in storage and should be utilized when fresh. The solution is at once complex and simple, but don’t worry. The Empire apple tree is a semi-dwarf species that grows well in USDA zones 4 to 7. It has a soft, yet crisp flesh with a sweet taste and a slightly tart finish. For apple maggots, codling moths, green fruitworms, and plum curculios check with your local county extension office for the best pesticide to apply in your area. 3- to 4-Foot ‘Early’ Trees, available from the Arbor Day Foundation StoreTalk about an ‘Early Harvest!’ These apples are firm and crisp, and produce fruit very early.The fruit lasts for weeks in the refrigerator, but like most apples, they taste best when fresh.‘Early Harvest‘ also does well when pollinated with white-flowering crabapples.Growing Zones: 3-8Chill Hours: 800-1000Pollinates with Flowering Groups: 1, 2Height: 20-25’ (dwarf vari… At, the humble apple tree, available from Nature Hills Nursery varieties to be pollinated by ornamental! And slicing with their crunchy and juicy flesh that naturally stays white for longer growing plants are. Is almost hard, so a bit of patience is required able to appreciate apple! In cool conditions to enjoy in the North early harvest each year great experience! 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